Abstract
Introduction
Cervical cancer is a significant public health issue, especially in developing countries. Early detection and prevention are crucial for reducing its incidence and mortality. In Cambodia, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women aged 15–44 years. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) toward cervical cancer prevention among women aged 18–49 who sought care at gynecology services at the National Maternal and Child Health Center (NMCH).
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July 20th to August 20th, 2024, at NMCHC’s gynecology OPD. A total sample of 113 women aged 18-49 years was systemically selected from among every two women visiting the OPD. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire covering demographic details, knowledge of preventive measures, attitudes, and practices related to cervical cancer prevention. STATA version 15 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and their KAP toward cervical cancer prevention. Frequencies and percentages were calculated to describe categorical variables, whereas means, medians, standard deviations, and ranges were used for continuous variables such as age and income.
Results
The mean age of the women was 32.7 years (SD = 7.9). Generally, women were highly aware of the severity of cervical cancer and the importance of early detection. Most of the women (93.8%) recognized the benefits of early detection. Close to 80% knew that cervical cancer can be prevented, and 74.3% reported being aware of vaccination as a preventive measure. However, knowledge gaps persist, particularly regarding the recommended age for vaccination and common symptoms of cervical cancer. The participants exhibited positive attitudes toward screening, with 86% acknowledging its importance. However, only 40.7% had undergone screening. Barriers such as not feeling sick and a lack of time were significant factors preventing women from participating in regular screenings.
Conclusion
The study revealed that there was high awareness and a favorable attitude toward cervical cancer prevention among the participants; however, fewer than half of the women reported screening experience. Critical knowledge gaps and barriers to screening remain. Targeted educational interventions and community engagement are essential to improve proper awareness and knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and increase screening practices, ultimately enhancing cervical cancer outcomes for women aged 18-49 years.