Abstract
Erythema Induratum of Bazin (EIB) is a chronic nodular eruption on the lower leg. It is a form of tuberculoid reaction hypersensitivity to tuberculosis antigen. EIB mostly occurs in young women, especially adolescents and middle-aged women, but rarely occurs in young children. The reported case was a 4-year-old boy in October 2023. The diagnosis was confirmed by tissue histopathology. The patient’s EIB was successfully treated with an anti-tuberculosis agent. Hence, we report an uncommon case of chronic nodular panniculitis in a four-year-old Cambodian boy. In conclusion EIB is suspected clinically and histopathologically; therefore, IGRA should be performed. This case of a young boy vaccinated with BCG and EIB demonstrates the importance of considering EIB in children with chronic leg nodules. IGRA has proven valuable in diagnosing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection after it is suspected clinically and histologically. The prompt initiation of antituberculosis therapy led to successful resolution of the skin lesions, highlighting the significance of early diagnosis and treatment for optimal outcomes. This case adds to the growing body of evidence supporting IGRA as a reliable tool for diagnosing cutaneous tuberculosis in children.